Chronicles

Before Rotterdam established its municipal waste service in 1876, the collection of waste was done by ‘karrelieden’. This job was usually done by the poor or by ex-convicts. It provided not nearly enough to pay the bills, but the upside of the job was that they could sift through the rubbish to take the things that they could still use or sell.

Over 2 centuries nearly 60.000 people, mostly women where put to death for crimes of witchcraft, in a series of hunts and trials that spread across Europe and the Americas. Those found guilty where hanged, beheaded or burned.